Triptans are a class of medications used to treat migraines and cluster headaches. They work by binding to and activating serotonin receptors in the brain, causing blood vessels to constrict and inflammation to decrease. This can help alleviate migraine symptoms such as headache pain, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound.

Triptans come in a variety of forms, including sumatriptan, rizatriptan, zolmitriptan, naratriptan, eletriptan, frovatriptan, and almotriptan. Each triptan has a slightly different chemical structure and may be more effective for different people or types of headaches.

Triptans are typically taken as soon as a migraine headache begins, though some may be used to prevent migraines from occurring. They are available in a variety of forms, including tablets, nasal sprays, and injections.

Triptans, like all medications, can cause side effects. Common side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, and dry mouth. More serious side effects, such as a heart attack or stroke, are uncommon but can occur. Before beginning treatment, it is critical to discuss the risks and benefits of triptans with your doctor.

Further information about the medication visit the link:

https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/sumatriptan/

Patient information leaflet: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.9893.pdf